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Veterinary
Development of cattle breeds in India

India possesses 27 acknowledged indigenous breeds of cattle and 7 breeds of buffaloes. Various central and centrally sponsored schemes are being implemented for genetic improvement of cattle and buffalo with a view to enhance the per capita availability of consumption of milk through increased milk production. Efforts are also made to protect and preserve the indigenous cattle and buffalo in their native tract, which are facing threat of extinction. The elite animals are selected and registered on the basis of their performance for production of superior pedigree bulls, bullmothers, frozen semen and frozen embryos for future breeding improvements.

The National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding envisages 100 per cent grant in aid to implementing agencies. At present 28, States and one UT are participating in the project. Financial assistance to the tune of Rs. 398.36 crore has been released to these States upto 2007-08. During the financial year 2008-09, against the RE of Rs. 89.70 crore, an amount of Rs. 87.37 crore has been released.

The seven Central cattle breeding farms at Suratgarh (Rajasthan), Chiplima and Semiliguda (Orissa), Dhamrod (Gujarat), Hessarghatta (Karnataka), Alamadi (Tamil Nadu) and Andeshnagar (Uttar Pradesh) are engaged in scientific breeding programmes of cattle and buffaloes and production of high pedigreed bulls for National Project for Cattle/Buffaio Breeding Programme besides providing training to farmers and breeders. During 2008-09, these farms produced 346 bull calves and supplied 245 high pedigreed bulls for use under Artificial Insemination Programme in various parts of the Country. 3,711 persons were trained in farm management practices and demonstration of scientific breeding. The CCBFS trained 2912 nos. of farmers in during farm management.

The Central Frozen Semen Production and Training Institute (CFSP&TI) located at Hessarghatta (Bangaluru) is producing frozen semen doses of indigenous, exotic and crossbreed cattle and Murrah buffalo bulls for use in artificial insemination (A1).

Asia's first dogs blood bank

Tamil Nadu opened the Asia's first blood bank for dogs. Now veterinarians are looking for canine donors. The facility, started by the Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS) and whose inauguration coincided with the World Veterinary Day, holds out hope to owners of dogs who have found themselves in a fix when it came to their pets requiring blood urgently.

To encourage donors, TANUVAS has announced freebies, which include providing the dog with a green card worth Rs 1,000 that would enable it to get treatment as soon as it arrives in the hospital through the green channel for a year. While the treatment is free for all animals at the hospital, a donor dog would even get an ultrasound or ECG, costing Rs 100 at the hospital and much higher in private hospitals, free for a year. The concept is being promoted through the university website, advertisements in private clinics, and through NGOs that support the cause of animals.

Blood transfusions are commonly needed in cases when a dog suffers from Ehrlicia canis infection, which destroys the red blood cells. Experts assure that for any surgery to be smooth and for the patient to recover quickly, blood transfusion is necessary. They say that dogs constitute a major portion of the patients visiting the hospital on the university premises and that half of the 60 to 70 dogs that come for treatment suffer from hypoproteinemia, a condition that requires blood transfusion. An animal may also need blood transfusion in case of a shock, infection, iron deficiency, severe anaemia and spleen injury.

Each day, the US$22,000 ($30,300) facility treats nearly 200 dogs that are either ill or injured in accidents - a frequent problem on India's treacherous roads.
 
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